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The Balance of Health

Health

What does the evidence say about what we eat and our health?

A vegan diet and a healthy diet are not the same thing. What matters is what you actually eat, and whether a few known nutrients are covered.

A person holding chopsticks over a bowl of greens, with a board of salad beside it.

Health evidence is where careful reading matters most. Much of it comes from observing large groups of people over time, which can show patterns but struggles to prove cause. Where trials exist we say so.

We also cover the nutrients that need attention on a plant-based diet, because credibility means showing the inconvenient parts too.

25% lower relative risk
Lower risk of ischaemic heart disease in vegetarians (relative)Multiple countries, 2017. Source: Dinu et al. (2017). SampleRelative risk from observational cohorts. Absolute differences are smaller and depend on baseline risk.

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Moderate evidence

Is a vegan diet healthy?

It can be. Well-planned vegan diets are linked to lower rates of heart disease and type 2 diabetes. But 'vegan' is not the same as 'healthy', and a few nutrients, especially B12, need attention.

Read the evidence

Common objections

The strongest version of each, and what the evidence makes of it.

Key claims and their ratings

All claims and sources

What this section will cover

  • Heart & blood vessels
  • Weight & diabetes
  • Cancer
  • Nutrients to watch
  • Life stages

Topics without a page yet are listed so you can see where this is going.

Where next