{
  "sources": [],
  "title": "How prevalent is vitamin B12 deficiency among vegetarians?",
  "url": "https://thebalanceofhealth.com/sources/pawlak-2013-prevalence-of-b12-deficiency-among-vegetarians",
  "publisher": "The Balance of Health",
  "license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "record": {
    "status": "reviewed",
    "id": "src-pawlak-2013-b12",
    "slug": "pawlak-2013-prevalence-of-b12-deficiency-among-vegetarians",
    "title": "How prevalent is vitamin B12 deficiency among vegetarians?",
    "authors": [
      "Roman Pawlak",
      "Scott Parrott",
      "Sudha Raj",
      "Diana Cullum-Dugan",
      "Debbie Lucus"
    ],
    "publication": "Nutrition Reviews",
    "year": 2013,
    "doi": "10.1111/nure.12001",
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/nure.12001",
    "sourceType": "systematic-review",
    "studyType": "systematic-review",
    "topicIds": [
      "nutrients"
    ],
    "pillarIds": [
      "health"
    ],
    "geography": "Multiple countries",
    "keyFindings": [
      "Vitamin B12 deficiency is common among vegetarians and vegans who do not supplement or eat fortified foods, across all age groups studied."
    ],
    "supportsClaimIds": [
      "claim-b12-supplement-needed"
    ],
    "challengesClaimIds": [
      "claim-vegan-diet-healthier-overall"
    ],
    "limitations": [
      "Studies used different deficiency thresholds and markers."
    ],
    "quality": "strong",
    "qualityRationale": "Consistent finding across many studies and populations."
  }
}